{"id":38275,"date":"2023-08-24T16:00:33","date_gmt":"2023-08-24T14:00:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/spacewell.com\/non-classifiee\/le-photovoltaique-et-lefficacite-energetique-vers-des-batiments-nets-zero-energie\/"},"modified":"2023-08-24T16:00:33","modified_gmt":"2023-08-24T14:00:33","slug":"le-photovoltaique-et-lefficacite-energetique-vers-des-batiments-nets-zero-energie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spacewell.com\/fr\/ressources\/blog\/le-photovoltaique-et-lefficacite-energetique-vers-des-batiments-nets-zero-energie\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Photovolta\u00efque et l&amp;rsquo;Efficacit\u00e9 \u00c9nerg\u00e9tique : vers des B\u00e2timents Nets Z\u00e9ro-\u00c9nergie"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-d807e79e gb-container-5731d80c\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selon les statistiques, 40% de la consommation d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie en Europe provient du secteur du b\u00e2timent. En France, ce secteur repr\u00e9sente <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecologie.gouv.fr\/energie-dans-batiments\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">44% de l\u2019\u00e9nergie consomm\u00e9e<\/a> et \u00e9met plus de 123 millions de tonnes de CO2. Ces chiffres ont pouss\u00e9 la Commission Europ\u00e9enne \u00e0 cr\u00e9er de nouvelles <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dexma.com\/fr\/blog-fr\/directive-europeenne-sur-lefficacite-energetique\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">directives visant \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> des b\u00e2timents (EBPD), en introduisant le concept de<\/span><b> NZEB ou Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depuis 2021, tous les nouveaux b\u00e2timents doivent \u00eatre construits en tenant compte de la durabilit\u00e9, avec une exigence particuli\u00e8re pour les b\u00e2timents publics depuis 2019. Cependant, malgr\u00e9 l&rsquo;ambition du cadre l\u00e9gislatif de la Commission Europ\u00e9enne, la <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/fr\/blog-fr\/batiments-nzeb-comment-contribuent-ils-au-developpement-durable\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">d\u00e9finition des b\u00e2timents \u00e0 \u00e9nergie quasi nulle (NZEB)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> varie d&rsquo;un pays europ\u00e9en \u00e0 l&rsquo;autre. En d\u00e9cembre 2021, la Commission a \u00e9galement propos\u00e9 une r\u00e9vision de la directive en vue de transformer les b\u00e2timents actuels \u00e0 \u00e9nergie quasi nulle (NZEB) en b\u00e2timents \u00e0 \u00e9missions nulles (ZEB pour Zero-Emission Building en anglais).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Quatre cat\u00e9gories, d\u00e9finies au niveau national par des experts, peuvent en effet \u00eatre retenues pour qualifier une construction de b\u00e2timent NZEB :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00e2timents \u00e0 \u00e9nergie nette z\u00e9ro \/ B\u00e2timents \u00e0 \u00e9nergie positive (dit BEPOS).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00e2timents \u00e0 \u00e9nergie quasi nulle selon les d\u00e9finitions nationales (Quasi Z\u00e9ro Energie ou Q-ZEN).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00e2timents dont la performance \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique est sup\u00e9rieure aux exigences nationales en 2012.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00e2timents construits\/r\u00e9nov\u00e9s selon les exigences minimales nationales en 2012.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans cet article, nous souhaitons apporter quelques \u00e9l\u00e9ments d\u2019informations sur la <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">quantit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9nergie photovolta\u00efque dont un b\u00e2timent a besoin pour devenir NZEB. Nous nous appuierons sur 3 exemples r\u00e9els afin de mieux comprendre comment mesurer cette donn\u00e9e.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans le cadre de notre \u00e9tude de cas, nous consid\u00e9rerons un NZEB comme un <\/span><b>b\u00e2timent \u00e0 \u00e9nergie nette z\u00e9ro, c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire un b\u00e2timent dont la consommation d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie est nulle. Cela signifie que la quantit\u00e9 totale d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie consomm\u00e9e par le b\u00e2timent sur une base annuelle est \u00e9gale \u00e0 la quantit\u00e9 d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie renouvelable produite sur place<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le fait que le calcul soit effectu\u00e9 sur une base annuelle est tr\u00e8s important. En effet, il est possible de compenser une plus faible production d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie renouvelable en hiver par la production en \u00e9t\u00e9 si celle-ci est plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e. Cela implique \u00e9galement que si le b\u00e2timent est connect\u00e9 au r\u00e9seau, il n&rsquo;a donc pas besoin de l\u2019installation sur place d\u2019un syst\u00e8me de stockage de l\u2019\u00e9nergie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--HubSpot Call-to-Action Code --><span id=\"hs-cta-wrapper-69f106a6-999f-4717-9907-8ffa1d5f7136\" class=\"hs-cta-wrapper\"><span id=\"hs-cta-69f106a6-999f-4717-9907-8ffa1d5f7136\" class=\"hs-cta-node hs-cta-69f106a6-999f-4717-9907-8ffa1d5f7136\"><!-- [if lte IE 8]>\n\n\n\n\n<div id=\"hs-cta-ie-element\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<![endif]--><a href=\"https:\/\/cta-redirect.hubspot.com\/cta\/redirect\/437281\/69f106a6-999f-4717-9907-8ffa1d5f7136\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"hs-cta-img-69f106a6-999f-4717-9907-8ffa1d5f7136\" class=\"hs-cta-img\" style=\"border-width: 0px;\" src=\"https:\/\/no-cache.hubspot.com\/cta\/default\/437281\/69f106a6-999f-4717-9907-8ffa1d5f7136.png\" alt=\"Solution de gestion de l'\u00e9nergie - D\u00e9mo gratuite - Dexma\" \/><\/a><\/span><script charset=\"utf-8\" src=\"https:\/\/js.hscta.net\/cta\/current.js\"><\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> hbspt.cta.load(437281, '69f106a6-999f-4717-9907-8ffa1d5f7136', {\"useNewLoader\":\"true\",\"region\":\"na1\"}); <\/script><\/span><!-- end HubSpot Call-to-Action Code --><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #003f6b;\">6 Raisons de Soutenir les Mod\u00e8les de Construction NZEB<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les avantages de la construction ou de la r\u00e9novation d&rsquo;un b\u00e2timent selon la d\u00e9finition NZEB sont d\u2019ordre <strong>\u00e9conomiques et \u00e9cologiques<\/strong> :<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leur consommation d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie est plus faible, ce qui r\u00e9duit les co\u00fbts d&rsquo;exploitation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ils ont une plus grande ind\u00e9pendance vis-\u00e0-vis du r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique, ce qui r\u00e9duit l&rsquo;impact de l&rsquo;augmentation des prix de l&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ils peuvent g\u00e9n\u00e9rer des revenus gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la vente du surplus d&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La r\u00e9duction de la demande d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 en p\u00e9riode de pointe entra\u00eene une baisse de leur co\u00fbt d&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les \u00e9missions de carbone du b\u00e2timent sont r\u00e9duites.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019interaction entre le b\u00e2timent et le r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique est meilleure.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mais <\/span><b>r\u00e9nover ou construire un b\u00e2timent dans le respect de la norme NZEB <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">implique de travailler sur deux fronts :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R\u00e9duire la consommation d&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 du b\u00e2timent<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Installer des syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie renouvelable sur place<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il existe de nombreuses fa\u00e7ons de r\u00e9duire la consommation d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie dans les b\u00e2timents. Mais la production de l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie renouvelable est principalement rendue possible par l&rsquo;installation d&rsquo;un syst\u00e8me photovolta\u00efque sur le site, plac\u00e9 dans la plupart des cas sur le toit du b\u00e2timent.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c0 leurs d\u00e9buts, les syst\u00e8mes photovolta\u00efques int\u00e9gr\u00e9s aux b\u00e2timents \u00e9taient dimensionn\u00e9s pour maximiser la production d&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 sur place. Toutefois, l&rsquo;\u00e9change d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie entre le b\u00e2timent et le r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique est de plus en plus souvent pris en compte lors du dimensionnement d&rsquo;un syst\u00e8me PV.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les fluctuations de la production des \u00e9nergies renouvelables peuvent constituer un d\u00e9fi pour le r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique qui cherche \u00e0 \u00e9quilibrer en permanence la production et la consommation d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie. Cela pourrait expliquer pourquoi la plupart des incitations financi\u00e8res pour <\/span><b>l\u2019installation de syst\u00e8mes photovolta\u00efques encouragent progressivement l&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/terresolaire.com\/Blog\/autoconsommation-photovoltaique\/prime-autoconsommation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">autoconsommation d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie<\/a><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> au lieu de mettre l\u2019accent sur la maximisation de la production d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie. Dans les faits, le tarif de rachat de l&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 photovolta\u00efque produite ne cesse de diminuer alors que le tarif du r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique ne cesse d&rsquo;augmenter.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mais \u00e0 quoi ressemble un b\u00e2timent NZEB ? Quelle est la <strong>quantit\u00e9 de panneaux photovolta\u00efques n\u00e9cessaire<\/strong> pour compenser la consommation d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie annuelle d&rsquo;un b\u00e2timent ? Et d&rsquo;un point de vue plus global, comment le r\u00e9seau \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et le b\u00e2timent interagissent-ils tout au long de l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e ?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 ces questions, nous examinerons trois \u00e9tudes de cas g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es gr\u00e2ce au module<\/span><b> Building Energy Modelling (BEM) de Spacewell Energy (Dexma)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, un module visant \u00e0 g\u00e9n\u00e9rer des profils de charges synth\u00e9tiques (mais r\u00e9alistes) de consommation et de production d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie d&rsquo;un b\u00e2timent.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #003f6b;\">\u00c9tude de Cas \u2013 Consommation d\u2019\u00c9nergie dans un Immeuble de Bureaux \u00e0 Madrid<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trois profils de b\u00e2timents ont pu \u00eatre identifi\u00e9s gr\u00e2ce au BEM : un b\u00e2timent dont la production d\u2019\u00e9nergie solaire photovolta\u00efque n\u2019est pas maximis\u00e9e, un b\u00e2timent dont la production est maximis\u00e9e et un autre dont la production est optimis\u00e9e.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le b\u00e2timent mod\u00e9lis\u00e9 est un \u00e9difice sur cinq \u00e9tages (un rez-de-chauss\u00e9e et quatre \u00e9tages) situ\u00e9 \u00e0 Madrid, dont l&rsquo;enveloppe thermique correspond \u00e0 un b\u00e2timent construit r\u00e9cemment. Il est \u00e9quip\u00e9 d&rsquo;une pompe \u00e0 chaleur pour le chauffage, d&rsquo;un refroidisseur d&rsquo;air et d&rsquo;un ballon \u00e9lectrique de production d&rsquo;eau chaude sanitaire.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D&rsquo;un point de vue \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, le b\u00e2timent d\u00e9pend uniquement de l&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9. Il est enfin ventil\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un syst\u00e8me de ventilation avec r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration de chaleur. Aucun appareil \u00e9nergivore comme des centres de donn\u00e9es n&rsquo;a \u00e9t\u00e9 pris en compte dans l\u2019analyse.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le graphique suivant montre la<\/span><b> consommation moyenne horaire pour chaque mois de l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une carte de chaleur<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Nous remarquons que la consommation minimale (bleu fonc\u00e9) se produit pendant les p\u00e9riodes de non-activit\u00e9, lorsque le b\u00e2timent est ferm\u00e9 (la nuit).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La consommation maximale quant \u00e0 elle a lieu de 14 \u00e0 17h en \u00e9t\u00e9, lorsque le rayonnement solaire, le taux d\u2019occupation du b\u00e2timent et la temp\u00e9rature ext\u00e9rieure sont les plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s. L\u2019\u00e9cart d\u20191h sur la p\u00e9riode entre avril et octobre est d\u00fb au d\u00e9calage horaire (CET \u00e0 CEST). <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-35472\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Total-Electricity-Demand-kWh-300x200.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"351\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Total-Electricity-Demand-kWh-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Total-Electricity-Demand-kWh-1400x933.png 1400w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Total-Electricity-Demand-kWh-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Total-Electricity-Demand-kWh.png 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 351px) 100vw, 351px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans la comparaison suivante, nous allons examiner les \u00e9changes d\u2019\u00e9nergie entre le b\u00e2timent et le r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les zones rouge\u00e2tres repr\u00e9sentent les heures o\u00f9 l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie est consomm\u00e9e par le r\u00e9seau, tandis que les zones bleues repr\u00e9sentent les heures o\u00f9 l&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 est inject\u00e9e dans le r\u00e9seau gr\u00e2ce au syst\u00e8me PV. Les zones blanches repr\u00e9sentent les heures o\u00f9 la production d&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 du b\u00e2timent compense la demande d&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 du b\u00e2timent.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #41659e;\">Cas n\u00ba1 : Immeuble sans syst\u00e8me PV de production d&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 sur place<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Observons d&rsquo;abord cet immeuble sans syst\u00e8me PV de production d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie renouvelable, typique des b\u00e2timents construits il y a deux d\u00e9cennies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-35462\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Electricity-Demand-No-PV-kWh-300x200.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"351\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Electricity-Demand-No-PV-kWh-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Electricity-Demand-No-PV-kWh-1400x933.png 1400w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Electricity-Demand-No-PV-kWh-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Electricity-Demand-No-PV-kWh.png 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 351px) 100vw, 351px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nous voyons que le b\u00e2timent d\u00e9pend uniquement du r\u00e9seau pour son approvisionnement en \u00e9nergie, ce qui n&rsquo;est pas surprenant \u00e9tant donn\u00e9 l&rsquo;absence de syst\u00e8me photovolta\u00efque.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #41659e;\">C<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">as n\u00ba2 : Immeuble avec Syst\u00e8me PV de Production d&rsquo;\u00c9lectricit\u00e9 Maximis\u00e9<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pour ce cas, nous allons maximiser la surface PV sur le toit. Pour notre hypoth\u00e8se de calcul, nous consid\u00e9rons que la surface PV peut repr\u00e9senter jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 80% de la surface du toit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-35467\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Electricity-Demand-Max-PV-kWh-300x200.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"233\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Electricity-Demand-Max-PV-kWh-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Electricity-Demand-Max-PV-kWh-1400x933.png 1400w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Electricity-Demand-Max-PV-kWh-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Electricity-Demand-Max-PV-kWh.png 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Compte tenu que la production d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie du b\u00e2timent est nettement sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 sa consommation, celui-ci a franchi une \u00e9tape de plus vers le Z\u00e9ro \u00c9nergie (NZEB) et pourrait d\u00e9j\u00e0 entrer dans la cat\u00e9gorie des b\u00e2timents \u00e0 \u00c9nergie Positive (BEPOS).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans les faits, le b\u00e2timent produit 27% d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie de plus qu&rsquo;il n&rsquo;en consomme. Ce r\u00e9sultat est obtenu gr\u00e2ce au rendement \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique \u00e9lev\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me photovolta\u00efque en \u00e9t\u00e9, la consommation d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie \u00e9tant sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la production sur la p\u00e9riode hivernale.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #41659e;\">Cas n\u00ba3 : Immeuble avec Syst\u00e8me PV de Production d&rsquo;\u00c9lectricit\u00e9 Optimis\u00e9<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pour ce dernier exemple, nous allons r\u00e9duire la surface PV maximale de 27% (58% du toit couvert) pour compenser la consommation \u00e9lectrique totale annuelle sans chercher \u00e0 produire de l&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 suppl\u00e9mentaire.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-35457\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Electricity-Demand-Opt-PV-kWh-300x200.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"344\" height=\"229\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Electricity-Demand-Opt-PV-kWh-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Electricity-Demand-Opt-PV-kWh-1400x933.png 1400w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Electricity-Demand-Opt-PV-kWh-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Electricity-Demand-Opt-PV-kWh.png 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 344px) 100vw, 344px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En tant que b\u00e2timent NZEB, son impact sur le r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique sera probablement moindre en \u00e9t\u00e9 puisqu\u2019il ne le \u201csurchargera\u201d pas en p\u00e9riode o\u00f9 la demande d&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 du r\u00e9seau est faible. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans les pays qui favorisent l&rsquo;autoconsommation par leurs incitations financi\u00e8res, ce type de dimensionnement peut \u00e9galement \u00eatre plus rentable que celui du sc\u00e9nario envisag\u00e9 pour la surface PV maximis\u00e9e gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 son ratio d&rsquo;autoconsommation d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie solaire qui est plus \u00e9lev\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--HubSpot Call-to-Action Code --><span id=\"hs-cta-wrapper-acfe87bf-3e1e-47ea-b8c5-a4095b916162\" class=\"hs-cta-wrapper\"><span id=\"hs-cta-acfe87bf-3e1e-47ea-b8c5-a4095b916162\" class=\"hs-cta-node hs-cta-acfe87bf-3e1e-47ea-b8c5-a4095b916162\"><!-- [if lte IE 8]>\n\n\n\n\n<div id=\"hs-cta-ie-element\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<![endif]--><a href=\"https:\/\/cta-redirect.hubspot.com\/cta\/redirect\/437281\/acfe87bf-3e1e-47ea-b8c5-a4095b916162\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"hs-cta-img-acfe87bf-3e1e-47ea-b8c5-a4095b916162\" class=\"hs-cta-img\" style=\"border-width: 0px;\" src=\"https:\/\/no-cache.hubspot.com\/cta\/default\/437281\/acfe87bf-3e1e-47ea-b8c5-a4095b916162.png\" alt=\"New call-to-action\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/span><!-- end HubSpot Call-to-Action Code --><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #003f6b;\">Comment Transformer mon B\u00e2timent en NZEB ?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D&rsquo;une part, certaines am\u00e9liorations contribuent \u00e0 r\u00e9duire la demande \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique des b\u00e2timents, comme par exemple :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration de la structure du b\u00e2timent (r\u00e9duction du coefficient thermique Uw des fen\u00eatres, meilleure isolation, am\u00e9lioration de la protection solaire),\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019am\u00e9lioration des charges \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques (technologie d&rsquo;\u00e9clairage),<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Et l\u2019am\u00e9lioration des syst\u00e8mes de chauffage, de ventilation et de climatisation (rendements plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s, temps de fonctionnement r\u00e9duit, r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration de chaleur et refroidissement naturel).\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D&rsquo;autre part, la production d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie des syst\u00e8mes photovolta\u00efques d\u00e9pend principalement du climat local (rayonnement solaire) et du taux de couverture PV des surfaces.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Compte tenu de la vari\u00e9t\u00e9 des facteurs qui jouent \u00e0 la fois sur la demande et la production d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie, trouver la bonne formule pour \u00e9quilibrer demande\/production de mani\u00e8re rentable peut \u00eatre un v\u00e9ritable d\u00e9fi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C&rsquo;est pourquoi la plateforme Spacewell Energy (Dexma) propose une solution pour trouver des r\u00e9ponses appropri\u00e9es gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 son module <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dexma.com\/fr\/plateforme-dexma-detect\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Detect<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Celui-ci a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7u pour <\/span><b>identifier les opportunit\u00e9s de r\u00e9novation \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et les syst\u00e8mes \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques les plus rentables et ce, pour une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de b\u00e2timents<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">en se basant sur la mesure de leur consommation d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dexma.com\/fr\/plateforme-dexma-detect\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Detect<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> calcule et dimensionne sur mesure les futures installations photovolta\u00efques de vos toits en quelques minutes :<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La fonction de micro-r\u00e9seau int\u00e9gr\u00e9e \u00e0 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dexma.com\/fr\/plateforme-dexma-analyse\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Analyse<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> permettra de contr\u00f4ler la production d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie renouvelable et la consommation d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie de votre b\u00e2timent, une fonction qui vous aidera \u00e0 atteindre vos objectifs \u201cquasi z\u00e9ro \u00e9nergie\u201d NZEB. (Si vous souhaitez en savoir plus sur les microgrids et comment les g\u00e9rer \u00e0 partir de la plateforme, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">visionnez<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ce <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/get.dexma.com\/en\/microgrids-and-nzeb-the-future-of-buildings\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Webinaire<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-50913 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Spacewell-Energy-Dexma-Analytics.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2554\" height=\"1415\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Spacewell-Energy-Dexma-Analytics.png 2554w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Spacewell-Energy-Dexma-Analytics-300x166.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Spacewell-Energy-Dexma-Analytics-1400x776.png 1400w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Spacewell-Energy-Dexma-Analytics-768x425.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Spacewell-Energy-Dexma-Analytics-1536x851.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Spacewell-Energy-Dexma-Analytics-2048x1135.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2554px) 100vw, 2554px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><i><em><strong>Note de la R\u00e9daction<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>\u2013<\/strong> Cet article a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9dig\u00e9 par 2 experts en mati\u00e8re de logiciels de gestion de l\u2019\u00e9nergie :<\/em><\/i><\/p>\n<p><i><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/johann-loux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-35514 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Team-Profile-Photos-2-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/>Johann Loux<\/a>, Ancien Ing\u00e9nieur en Simulation Thermique Dynamique et Data Scientist<\/strong>, a fait partie de l&rsquo;\u00e9quipe Spacewell Energy (Dexma) entre 2021 et 2023. Son objectif a \u00e9t\u00e9 d&rsquo;am\u00e9liorer les algorithmes d&rsquo;IA de Spacewell Energy (Dexma) par la cr\u00e9ation automatis\u00e9e de mod\u00e8les de simulation thermique et \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique. <\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>Il a \u00e9galement apport\u00e9 son expertise dans le domaine de l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique pour le d\u00e9veloppement des produits de Spacewell Energy.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/danielutges\/\"><i><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-33325 size-thumbnail alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Daniel-Udges-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Daniel-Udges-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.dexma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Daniel-Udges.png 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<p><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/danielutges\/\">Daniel Utges,<\/a> Ancien Directeur de Produit chez Spacewell Energy<\/strong>. Daniel a commenc\u00e9 comme Ing\u00e9nieur Produit, en passant par Responsable du Service Clients, pour devenir Directeur de Produit en 2013.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Selon les statistiques, 40% de la consommation d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie en Europe provient du secteur du b\u00e2timent. En France, ce secteur repr\u00e9sente 44% de l\u2019\u00e9nergie consomm\u00e9e et \u00e9met plus de 123 millions de tonnes de CO2. Ces chiffres ont pouss\u00e9 la Commission Europ\u00e9enne \u00e0 cr\u00e9er de nouvelles directives visant \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique des b\u00e2timents (EBPD), en [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":39,"featured_media":35476,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38275","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Le Photovolta\u00efque et l&amp;rsquo;Efficacit\u00e9 \u00c9nerg\u00e9tique : vers des B\u00e2timents Nets Z\u00e9ro-\u00c9nergie - Spacewell | A Nemetschek Company<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/spacewell.com\/fr\/ressources\/blog\/le-photovoltaique-et-lefficacite-energetique-vers-des-batiments-nets-zero-energie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le Photovolta\u00efque et l&amp;rsquo;Efficacit\u00e9 \u00c9nerg\u00e9tique : vers des B\u00e2timents Nets Z\u00e9ro-\u00c9nergie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Selon les statistiques, 40% de la consommation d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie en Europe provient du secteur du b\u00e2timent. En France, ce secteur repr\u00e9sente 44% de l\u2019\u00e9nergie consomm\u00e9e et \u00e9met plus de 123 millions de tonnes de CO2. 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